Serial and Lot are additional characteristics/properties of Items that can be used to uniquely or collectively identify and track the item along with its Item code. Any Item can be made as Serialized and/or Lot controlled by choosing options "Serialized" and "Lot Controlled" in Items-General session under traceability section on the Details tab.
Further in Items-Warehousing data under the Identification tab, you can enable "Lot Tracking", "Lot in Inventory", "Serial Tracking" and "Serial in Inventory" which enables tracking of the Items. You can also define if the Item is "Serial/Lot not in inventory" then where you want to record the serial and lot details in the transactions like "Direct Delivery", "Receipt", "Transfer", "Register during As-Built, Service and Maintenance".
Below are some topics related to Serialized and Lot Controlled Items that will be useful...